Research | International Trade & Trade Policy

Recent/Active Working Papers

"A Generalized Poisson-Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Estimator," with Ohyun Kwon and Jangsu Yoon, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2022-13, Drexel University.
Revise & Resubmit, at the Journal of Business & Economic Statistics.

"The Granular Trade and Production Activities (GRANTPA) Database," with Sebastien Bradley, Javier Flórez, and Mario Larch, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2024-01, Drexel University.
Revise & Resubmit, at the World Trade Review.

"Difference-in-Differences Gravity Estimations of Treatments with Exit: The Case of Sanctions,"
with O. Kwon, A. Nagengast, and Jangsu Yoon.
Revise & Resubmit, at the Journal of International Economics.

"Quantifying the Extensive Margin(s) of Trade: The Case of Uneven European Integration," with James E. Anderson, CESifo Working Paper Series 9822, CESifo.

"Do Sanctions Affect Growth," with O. Kwon and C. Syropoulos, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2022-06, Drexel University.

"Reassessing the impact of the Single Market and its ability to help build strategic autonomy," with Lionel Fontagné, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2022-07, Drexel University.
Media: LesEchos

"Output Insecurity and Ownership Disputes as Barriers to Technology Diffusion," with O. Camacho, M. Garfinkel, and C. Syropoulos, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2022-10, Drexel University.

"Do What You Know and Leave the Rest to the Experts: Quantifying the Gains from Efficient Trade," with M. Larch, P. Meinen, and A. J. Nagengast,

"Shedding Light on the Drivers of Services Tradability over Two Decades," with S. Benz and A. Jaax, OECD Trade Policy Papers, No. 264, OECD Publishing, Paris.

"Cross-border Patenting, Globalization, and Development," with J. La-Belle, I. Martinez-Zarzoso, and A.M. Santacreu, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2023-07, Drexel University.

"The European Single Market and Intra-EU Trade: An Assessment with Heterogeneity-Robust Difference-in-Differences Methods," with A. Nagengast and F. Rios-Avila, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2024-05, Drexel University.

"Does the WTO Promote Trade? A Meta-analysis," with R. Campos, M. Larch, J. Timini, and E. Vidal, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2024-05, Drexel University. Previously circulated as “Star Wars - Return of the GATT/WTO trade effect significance”.

"Globalization, Trade, and Inequality: Evidence from a New Database," with I. Borchert, M. Larch, and S. Shikher, School of Economics Working Paper Series 2024-06, Drexel University.

"Towards Rationalizing the Use of Economic Sanctions," with G. Felbermayr, C. T. Morgan, C. Syropoulos, WIFO Working Papers 684, WIFO.

Older/Retired Working Papers

"Trade Costs in the Global Economy: Measurement, Aggregation and Decomposition,"
with Peter H. Egger, Mario Larch, and Sergey Nigai.
Report prepared for the World Trade Organization's WTO Trade Cost Index, http://tradecosts.wto.org

"The International Trade and Production Database for Estimation - Release 2 (ITPD-E-R02),"
with I. Borchert, M. Larch, and S. Shikher.
USITC Working Paper 2022–07–A.

"Trade and Welfare Effects of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement,"
with C. Beverelli, I. Gourevich, I. Heiland, A. Keck, and M. Larch.
WTO Working papers 2023-04.

"Multimarket Linkages, Cartel Discipline and Trade Costs," with Delina Agnosteva and Costas Syropoulos,
School of Economics Working Paper Series 2018-4, Drexel University.
Other WP version(s): CESifo

"Trade Liberalization with Heterogeneous Workers: A Structural Approach," with Scott Baier and Serge Shikher,
USITC Working Paper No. 2017-03-A, U.S. International Trade Commission.

"Specialization: Pro- and Anti-globalizing, 1990-2002," with James E. Anderson,
NBER Working Papers 16301, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
Other WP version(s): CAGEWP

Refereed Journal Publications

[1] "The Changing Incidence of Geography", with James E. Anderson,
American Economic Review, vol. 100(5), pages 2157-86, December 2010.
Earlier WP version(s): NBER, BCWPE

[2] "Trade-Induced Unemployment: How Much Do We Care?"
Review of International Economics, vol. 18(5), pages 972-989, November 2010.
Earlier WP version(s): Manusript

[3] "Intraindustry trade and the skill premium: Theory and evidence", with Elias Dinopoulos, Constantinos Syropoulos and Bin Xu,
Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(1), pages 15-25, May 2011.
Earlier WP version(s): Manusript

[4] "Dynamic gravity: endogenous country size and asset accumulation", with Maria Olivero,
Canadian Journal of Economics, vol. 45(1), pages 64-92, February 2012.
Earlier WP version(s): Manuscript
Top-2 most cited article at the Canadian Journal of Economics.

[5] "A simple solution to the distance puzzle in international trade",
Economics Letters, vol. 117(3), pages 794-798, December 2012.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[6] "Trade Adjustment, Political Pressure, And Trade Protection Patterns",
Economic Inquiry, vol. 51(3), pages 1867-1885, July 2013.
Earlier WP version(s): Manuscript

[7] "How Much Does Geography Deflect Services Trade? Canadian Answers", with James E. Anderson, and Catherine A. Milot,
International Economic Review, vol 55(3), pages 791–818, August 2014.
Earlier WP version(s): NBER, DUSoE

[8] "On the trade-diversion effects of free trade agreements", with Mian Dai and Thomas Zylkin,
Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 122(2), pages 321-325, February, 2014.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[9] "Firm Heterogeneity and Trade-Induced Layoffs: An Empirical Investigation", with Pinar Uysal and Tom Zylkin,
European Economic Review, vol. 75, pages 80-97, April 2015.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[10] "Economic Integration Agreements, Border Effects, and Distance Elasticities in the Gravity Equation", with Bergstrand and Larch,
European Economic Review, vol. 78, pages 307-327, August 2015.
Earlier WP version(s): CESIfo, DUSoE
Top-5 most cited article from 2015 to 2019.

[11] "Estimating Bulgaria's Trade Borders with the EU: An Application of the Empirical Gravity Model of Trade", with Stefanov and Iliev,
Business Management, Issue 4, pages 43-63. Svishtov, Bulgaria, 2016.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE.

[12] "Terms of Trade and Global Efficiency Effects of Free Trade Agreements, 1990-2002", with James E. Anderson,
Journal of International Economics, vol. 99, pages 279-298, March 2016.
Earlier WP version(s): NBER, DUSoE, BCWPE

[13] "Gravity with Scale Economies", with James E. Anderson and Mykyta Vesselovsky,
Journal of International Economics, vol. 100, pages 174-193, May 2016.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, NBER

[14] "On the Impact of TTIP in Southeastern and Eastern Europe: A Quantitative Analysis", with Mario Larch,
Economic Thought, Issue 3, pages 74-92, Sofia, Bulgaria, 2017.
Reprinted in "Bulgarian-Macedonian Scientific and Innovation Cooperation" Eds. Chobanova and Kocarev, Sofia-Skopje, 2017.

[15] "When and How Country Reputation Stimulates Export Volume", with Boryana Dimitrova and Daniel Korschun,
International Marketing Review, vol. 34(3), pages 377-402, 2017.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE.

[16] "Distance, Globalization, and International Trade", with Ingo Borchert,
Economics Letters, vol. 153(C), pages 32-38, 2017.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[17] "Estimating General Equilibrium Trade Policy Effects: GE PPML", with James E. Anderson and Mario Larch,
The World Economy , https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12664, 2018.
Earlier WP version(s): CESifo, DUSoE
Top-5 most cited article from 2018 to 2021.

[18] "Dark Costs, Missing Data: Shedding Some Light on Services Trade", with James E. Anderson, Ingo Borchert, and Aaditya Mattoo,
European Economic Review , vol.105, pages 193-214, 2018.
Earlier WP version(s): NBER, PRWPS, CESifo, DUSoE

[19] "On the Bi- and Uni-lateral Trade Effects of EMU Membership", with Mario Larch and Joschka Wanner,
Economics Letters, vol. 171, pages 230-234, 2018.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[20] "The Currency Union Effect: A PPML Re-assessment with High-Dimensional Fixed Effects", with Larch, Wanner and Zylkin,
Lead Article, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, vol. 81(3), pages 487-510, 2019.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo
Top-3 most cited article 2018-2024. Top-2 most cited article 2010-24.

[21] "Intra-national Trade Costs: Measurement and Aggregation," with Delina Agnosteva and James E. Anderson,
European Economic Review, vol. 112, pages 32-50, 2019.
Earlier WP version(s): NBER, DUSoE
Listed in most cited articles from 2018 to 2023.

[22] "On the widely differing effects of free trade agreements: Lessons from twenty years of integration", with Baier and Zylkin,
Journal of International Economics, vol. 116, pages 206-226, 2019.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE , CESifo.
Featured in the CESifo Newsletter, November 2016
Most cited article from 2018 to 2023.

[23] "Trade and Investment in the Global Economy: A Multi-country Dynamic Analysis," with James E. Anderson and Mario Larch,
European Economic Review, vol. 120, November 2019.
Other WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo, NBER
Listed in top cited articles at the EER from 2018 to 2022.

[24] "Arming in the Global Economy: The Importance of Trade with Enemies and Friends," with M. R. Garfinkel and C. Syropoulos.
Journal of International Economics, vol. 123, March 2020.
Earlier WP version(s): CESifo, DUSoE

[25] "Growth and Trade with Frictions: A Structural Estimation Framework," with James E. Anderson and Mario Larch,
The Economic Journal, Vol. 130(630), August 2020.
Earlier WP version(s): NBER, CESifo, DUSoE

[26] "Short Run Gravity," with James E. Anderson,
Journal of International Economics, Vol. 126, September 2020.
Earlier WP version(s): CESifo, BCWP, NBER

[27] "The International Trade and Production Database for Estimation (ITPD-E)," with Ingo Borchert, Mario Larch, and Serge Shikher,
International Economics, August, 2020.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE
Listed in top cited articles at the IE from 2019 to 2024.

[28] "The Global Sanctions Data Base,"
with Gabriel Felbermayr, Aleksandra Kirilakha, Costas Syropoulos, and Erdal Yalcin,
European Economic Review, Vol. 129, October, 2020.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE
Listed in top cited articles at the EER from 2019 to 2024.
Media: The New York Times, The Financial Times, Bloomberg, VoxEU, Deutsche Welle, Der Spiegel, Nikkey Asia, others

[29] "Estimating the Effects of Non-discriminatory Trade Policies within Structural Gravity Models," with B. Heid and M. Larch.
Canadian Journal of Economics, 2021.
Earlier WP version(s): CESifo, DUSoE
Top cited article 2018-24. Top-8 most cited article since 2000.

[30] "Understanding Economic Sanctions: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Theory and Evidence,"
with G. Felbermayr, T. C. Morgan, and C. Syropoulos,
European Economic Review, 2021.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE
Listed in top cited articles at the EER from 2021 to 2024.

[31] "Disaggregated Gravity: Benchmark Estimates and Stylized Facts from a New Database," with Borchert, Larch, and Shikher,
Review of International Economics, 2021
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE
Top-3 most cited article from 2021 to 2024.

[32] "Policy and Politics: Trade Adjustment Assistance in the Crossfire," with Christopher Laincz and Xenia Matschke,
Canadian Journal of Economics, 2021.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[33] "From Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances," with Gabriel Felbermayr,
European Economic Review, 2021.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, KielWP, CESifo

[34] "Gender Inequality in the Aftermath of Negative Trade Shocks: Evidence from U.S," with Ghosh, Larch, and Murtazashvili.
Economica, vol. 89(355), pages 564-591, 2022.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE
Listeed in most cited articles from 2022 to 2024.

[35] "Quantifying the Impact of Economic Sanctions on International Trade in the Energy and Mining Sectors," with M. Larch, S. Shikher, and C. Syropoulos.
Economic Inquiry, vol. 60(3), pages 1038-1063, 2022.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo
Most cited article from 2022 to 2024.

[36] "On the Role of Domestic Trade Flows for Estimating the Gravity Model Articles of Trade."
Contemporary Economic Policy, vol. 40(3), pages 526-540, 2022.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo
Best Paper Award Winner at CEP, 2022.
Most cited article 2021-24. Top 10 most cited article 2010-24.
Most downloaded article 2022-2023.

[37] "Gravity-model Estimation with Time-interval Data: Revisiting the Impact of Free Trade Agreements," with P. Egger and M. Larch.
Economica, vol. 89(353), pages 44-61, 2022.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo
Top-10 most cited article from 2017 to 2024.

[38] "The Global Sanctions Data Base - Release 3: COVID-19, Russia, and Multilateral Sanctions," with C. Syropoulos, G. Felbermayr, S. Kirilakha, and E. Yalcin,
Review of International Economics, Vol. 32, Issue 1, 2023
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, WIFO, CESifo
Top-6 most cited article from 2021 to 2024.

[39] "A simple method to quantify the ex-ante effects of "deep" trade liberalization and "hard" trade protection," with Larch and Tan,
Journal of Comparative Economics, Vol. 51, Issue 4, 2023
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, World Bank, CESifo

[40] "Economic Sanctions: Evolution, Consequences, and Challenges," with C. Morgan and C. Syropoulos,
Lead Article, Journal of Economic Perspectives,, Vol. 37(1), pp 3-30, 2023
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[41] "Estimating the Effects of Trade Agreements: Lessons From 60 Years of Methods and Data," with Mario Larch,
The World Economy, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[42] "Institutions, trade, and development: identifying the impact of country-specific characteristics on international trade," with C. Beverelli, A. Keck, and M. Larch,
Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 76, Issue 2, pp 469–494, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[43] "Preferential Trade Liberalization with Endogenous Cartel Discipline: Implications for Welfare and Optimal Trade Policies," with D. Agnosteva and C. Syropoulos,
Lead Article, Canadian Journal of Economics, Vol. 57, Issue 4, pp 1109-1136, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[44] "On the Heterogeneous Trade andWelfare Effects of GATT/WTO Membership," with G. Felbermayr, M. Larch, and E. Yalcin,
The Review of World Economics, Vol. 160, pp 983–1008, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, Kiel, WIFO, CESifo

[45] "Analyzing the Effects of Economic Sanctions: Recent Theory, Data, and Quantification," with P. Egger and C. Syropoulos,
The Review of International Economics, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[46] "Economic Sanctions and Agricultural Trade," with M. Larch and J. Luckstead,
The American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[47] "Deep Trade Agreements and FDI in Partial and General Equilibrium: A Structural Estimation Framework," with M. Larch,
World Bank Economic Review, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, World Bank, CESifo

[48] "The Evolution of Structural Gravity: The Workhorse Model of Trade,"
Contemporary Economic Policy,Vol. 42, Issue 4, pp 578-603, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[49] "The Extraterritorial Effects of Sanctions," with C. Syropoulos and O. Kwon,
European Economic Review,Vol. 170, 2024
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[50] "On the Heterogeneous Effects of Sanctions on Trade," with G. Felbermayr, C. Syropoulos, and E. Yalcin,
Canadian Journal of Economics,2025
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, Kiel, CESifo

[51] "On the effects of GATT/WTO membership on trade: They are positive and large after all," with Larch, Monteiro, and Piermartini,
Canadian Journal of Economics, Accepted
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, WTO
Media: The Economist

[52] "One Nation, One Language? Domestic Language Diversity, Trade and Welfare," with T. Gurevich, P. R. Herman, and F. Toubal,
Economic Inquiry, Accepted
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CEPR

[53] "Economic Sanctions: Stylized Facts and Quantitative Evidence," with G. Felbermayr T. C. Morgan, and C. Syropoulos,
Annual Review of Economics, Accepted
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[54] "The Empire Project: Trade Policy in Interwar Canada," with M. Lampe, K. O’Rourke, and L. Reiter,
Journal of International Economics, Vol. 153, 2025
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, NBER, CEPR, CESifo

[55] "The Global Sanctions Data Base - Release 4: The Heterogeneous Effects of the Sanctions on Russia," with G. Felbermayr, H. Kariem, A. Kirilakha, O. Kwon, C. Syropoulos, and E. Yalcin,
World Economy, Accepted.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, WIFO

[56] "The Impact of Aid Sanctions on Maternal and Child Health, 1990–2019: Papers A Panel Analysis," with Gibson, Bradley, Dieleman, Kirilakha, Darmstadt, Bendavid, Syropoulos, Barry, and Wies,
Lancet: Global Health, 2025

[57] "Unlocking New Methods to Estimate Country-specific Trade Costs and Trade Elasticities," with R. Freeman,
M. Larch, and A. Theodorakopoulos,
Journal of Appleid Econometrics, Accepted.
Earlier WP version(s): BoE, CESifo

[58] "The Domestic and International Common Language Database," with T. Gurevich, P. R. Herman, and F. Toubal,
Nature: Scientific Data., Vol. 12, 2025.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE

[59] "Gravity in Transition," with James E. Anderson. Previously circulated as "Estimating gravity from the short to the long run: A simple solution to the 'International Elasticity Puzzle'."
Review of International Economics, 2025.
Earlier WP version(s): CGPA

[60] "Reassessing the Effects of Corporate Income Taxes on Mergers and Acquisitions Using Empirical Advances in the Gravity Literature," with S. Bradley and F. Carril-Caccia,
National Tax Journal, Accepted.
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, CESifo

[61] "Estimating Gravity in Staggered Difference-in-Differences Settings," with Arne J. Nagengast,
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2025
Earlier WP version(s): DUSoE, Bundesbank, CESifo,
Media: March 2024 report of the Deutsche Bundesbank

[62] "Estimating Gravity Equations: Theory Implications, Econometric Developments, and Practical Recommendations,"
with M. Larch and S. Shikher,
Review of International Economics, Accepted.
Earlier WP version(s): CGPA

Books, Monographs, Chapters, Op-eds

[1] "Good News on Free Trade Agreements," 2011, with James E. Anderson,
VoxEU column based on the NBER WP 17003 "Terms of Trade and Global Efficiency Effects of Free Trade Agreements, 1990-2002".

[2] "Agricultural Policy, Gravity and Welfare," 2011, with Paul E. Jensen,
Policy Brief, International Growth Centre.

[3] "On the Effects of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership on Trade and Capital Accumulation," 2015, with Anderson and Larch. Prepared to contribute to the CESifo Venice Institute volume "Regional Mega Deals: New Trends, New Models, New Insights".

[4] "Shedding Some Light on Dark Matter: Trade Costs in Services," 2015, with James E. Anderson, Ingo Borchert, and Aaditya Mattoo.
VoxEU column based on the NBER WP 21546 "Dark Costs, Missing Data: Shedding Some Light on Services Trade".

[5] "Estimating Trade Policy Effects with Structural Gravity," 2016, with Roberta Piermartini. WTO Working Paper ERSD-2016-10.
Prepared to contribute to the "Advanced Guide for Trade Policy Analysis with the Strucutural Gravity Model".

[6] "General Equilibrium Trade Policy Analysis with Structural Gravity," 2016, with Mario Larch. WTO Working Paper ERSD-2016-08.
Prepared to contribute to the "Advanced Guide for Trade Policy Analysis with the Strucutural Gravity Model".

[7] "An Advanced Guide to Trade Policy Analysis: The Structural Gravity Model," 2016, with Mario Larch, Jose-Antonio Monteiro and Roberta Piermartini. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and World Trade Organization, Geneva.

[8] "On the Impact of TTIP in Southeastern and Eastern Europe: A Quantitative Analysis,"" 2017, with Mario Larch. Prepared to contribute to "Bulgarian-Macedonian Scientific and Innovation Cooperation" Editors R. Chobanova and L. Kocarev, Sofia-Skopje, 2017.

[9] "One size does not fit all: On the heterogeneous impact of free trade agreements," 2017, with Scott Baier and Thomas Zylkin,
VoxEU column based on the DUSoE Working Paper 2016-15 "On the widely differing effects of free trade agreements: Lessons
from twenty years of trade integration".

[10] "America’s worsening global reputation could put billions in US exports at risk", 2017, with Boryana Dimitrova and Daniel Korschun,
The Conversation based on the DUSoE Working Paper 2015-04 "When and How Country Reputation Stimulates Export Volume".

[11] "Gravity, Distance, and International Trade," 2017, with Scott Baier and Amanda Kerr. DUSoE Working Paper 2017-05.
Prepared to contribute to the "Handbook of International Trade and Transportation", Editors Bruce Blonigen and Wesley Wilson.

[12] "On the Economic Impact of FDI and Trade Liberalization in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Structural Quantitative Analysis" 2017, with Mario Larch. Prepared to contribute to the "Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR)" by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP).

[13] "Evaluation of the Implementation of the Free Trade Agreement between the EU and its Member States and the Republic of Korea" 2017, with with M. Braml, G. Felbermayr, M. Larch, C. W. Nam, and M. Steininger. Policy Report repared for the European Commission.

[14] "Trade and Investment in the Global economy," 2019, with James E. Anderson and Mario Larch, VoxEU column based on the
European Ecoomic Review article "Trade and Investment in the Global Economy: A Multi-country Dynamic Analysis".

[15] "Trade Effects of WTO: They're Real and They're Spectacular," 2019, with M. Larch, J.-A. Monteiro, and R. Piermartini, VoxEU column based on the article "On the Effects of GATT/WTO Membership on Trade: They are Positive and Large after All".

[16] "The World Trade Organization at 25: Assessing the Economic Value of the Rules Based Global Trading System," 2019, with G. Felbermayr, M. Larch, and E. Yalcin. Policy Report prepared for Bertelsmann Stiftung, based on the Drexel working paper "On the Heterogeneous Trade and Welfare Effects of GATT/WTO Membership.

[17] "The Global Sanctions Data Base," 2020, with with G. Felbermayr, A. Kirilakha, C. Syropoulos, and E. Yalcin, VoxEU column column based on the paper with same title at the European Economic Review.

[18] "Where Was Globalization Hiding? And How Far Might It Go?" 2020, with with James E. Anderson, VoxEU column column based on the paper "Short Run Gravity" at the Journal of International Economics.

[19] "Die volkswirtschaftlichen Kosten der Sanktionen in Bezug auf Russland," 2020, with Flach, Larch, Braml, Groschl, Teti, Steininger, and Schneider ifo Institute report.

[20] "The Global Sanctions Data Base: An Update to Include the Years of the Trump Presidency," 2021, with G. Felbermayr, A. Kirilakha, C. Syropoulos, and E. Yalcin. Drexel SoE WP Series 2021-09. Prepared to contribute to the Research Handbook on Economic Sanctions, edited by Peter A.G. van Bergeijk.

[21] "A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances," 2021, with Gabriel Felbermayr. VoxEU column based on the paper "From Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances" at the European Ecopnomic Review.

[22] "Trade Costs in the Global Economy: Measurement, Aggregation and Decomposition," 2021, with Peter H. Egger, Mario Larch, and Sergey Nigai. Report prepared for the World Trade Organization's WTO Trade Cost Index, http://tradecosts.wto.org

[23] "The Global Sanctions Data Base: Mapping International Sanction Policies during 1950-2019," 2021, with G. Felbermayr, A. Kirilakha, C. Syropoulos, and E. Yalcin. VoxEU column based on the paper "The Global Sanctions Data Base: An Update to Include the Years of the Trump Presidency," Drexel SoE WP Series 2021-09.

[24] "Timing the Impact of Sanctions on Trade," 2021, with M. Dai, G. Felbermayr, A. Kirilakha, C. Syropoulos, and E. Yalcin. Drexel SoE WP Series 2021-07. Prepared to contribute to the Research Handbook on Economic Sanctions, edited by Peter A.G. van Bergeijk.

[25] "Quantifying the full impact of country-specific policies on trade flows," 2022, with R. Freeman, M. Larch, and A. Theodorakopoulos. VoxEU and Bank of England columns based on the paper "Unlocking New Methods to Estimate Country-specific Trade Costs and Trade Elasticities," Drexel SoE WP Series 2021-17.

[26] "Extraterritorial sanctions: A stick and a carrot," 2022, with O. Kwon and C. Syropoulos. VoxEU column based on the paper "The Extraterritorial Effects of Sanctions," Drexel SoE WP Series 2022-02.

[27] "Gravity at 60: A Celebration of the Workhorse Model of Trade," 2022. VoxEU column based on the paper "Gravity at Sixty: The Bijou of Trade," Drexel SoE WP Series 2022-01.

[28] "Valuing the impact of the World Trade Organization," 2022, with Mario Larch and Erdal Yalcin. Report for the UK department of International Trade.

[29] "Reflections on the Impact of Economic Sanctions," 2023, with Constantinos Syropoulos. in ``The Evidence on the Impact of Sanctions'' of EconPol Forum.

[30] "European Integration and the Extensive Margins of Trade," 2023, with James E. Anderson. VoxEU column based on the paper ``Quantifying the Extensive Margin(s) of Trade: The Case of Uneven European Integration,'' NBER WP No. 28277.

[31] "Economic Effects of Bulgaria’s Eurozone Accession," 2023, with J. Nilsen, P. Nenov, and G. Wolff. Policy Brief Bulgarian Council for Economic Analysis.

[32] "Determinants and impact of cross-border patents: Evidence from a new dataset," 2024, with J. LaBelle, I. Martinez-Zarzoso, and A.M. Santacreu. VoxEU column based on the paper ``Cross-border Patenting, Globalization, and Development,'' SoE WP Series 2023-7. Reprinted in VoxDev.

[33] "Trade Openness and Educational Choices in Bulgaria," 2024, with T. Tsankova. Policy Brief Bulgarian Council for Economic Analysis.

[34] "The Evolution of Estimates and The Heterogeneity of the Effects of Trade Agreements," 2024, with M. Larch. Policy Brief No. 64 Research Center for International Economics, Federal Ministry of Labor and the Economy, Government of Austria.

[35] "OECD accession and the Bulgarian economy," 2025, with P. Nenov, J. Nilsen, and S. Stefanova. Policy Brief Bulgarian Council for Economic Analysis.

[36] "On the effectiveness of the sanctions on Russia: New data and new evidence," 2025, with G.Felbermayr, H.Kariem, A.Kirilakha, O.Kwon, C.Syropoulos, and E.Yalcin. VoxEU column based on the paper ``The Global Sanctions Data Base - Release 4: The Heterogeneous Effects of the Sanctions on Russia,'' CGPA WP Series 2025-7.

Datasets

I have participated in the development and testing of six datasets: (i) The International Trade and Production Database for Estimation (ITPD-E); (ii) The Global Sanctions DataBase (GSDB); (iii) The Domestic and International Common Language (DICL) database; (iv) The International Patent and Citations across Sectors (INPACT-S) database; (v) The Trade and Production Activities (GRANTPA) database; and (vi) The International Trade and Production Database for Simulation (ITPD-S). All six databases are free public goods that my co-authors and I hope would be useful to researchers and policy makers.

The International Trade and Production Database for Estimation (ITPD-E)

The ITPD-E contains consistent data on international and domestic trade at the industry level covering agriculture, mining, energy, manufacturing, and services. There have been two releases of the ITPD-E, and the most current version covers 20 years (2000-2019), 265 countries, and 170 industries. The ITPD-E is constructed using reported administrative data and intentionally does not include information estimated by statistical techniques, which makes the ITPD-E well suited for estimation of economic models, such as the gravity model of trade. The ITPD-E is the first member of a family of international trade and production databases. Our team has already developed the second member of this family, The International Trade and Production Database for Simulation (ITPD-S). Please, see below. The ITPD-E has its own web site, and I refer the interested readers to the following papers that describe and test the data.

"The International Trade and Production Database for Estimation (ITPD-E)",
with Ingo Borchert, Mario Larch, and Serge Shikher,
International Economics, 2020.

"Disaggregated Gravity: Benchmark Estimates and Stylized Facts from a New Database",
with Ingo Borchert, Mario Larch, and Serge Shikher,
Review of International Economics, 2021.

"The International Trade and Production Database for Estimation - Release 2 (ITPD-E-R02)",
with Ingo Borchert, Mario Larch, and Serge Shikher,
USITC Working Paper 2022–07–A, 2023.

The Global Sanctions DataBase (GSDB)

The first three releases of the GSDB were created jointly with G. Felbermayr, A. Khirilakha, C. Syropoulos, and E. Yalcin. O. Kwon and K. Heider joined the team for the development of the fourth release of the database - GSDB-R4. The GSDBR4 covers all publicly traceable sanctions in the world over the period 1950-2023, and contains 1,547 sanction cases. The GSDB-R4 comes in two versions, a case-specific and a dyadic one. The sanctions in the GSDB-R4 are classified along three dimensions: by objective, by success, and by type. The GSDB distinguishes between nine categories of sanctions based on the following objectives: to change policy, to destabilize a regime, to resolve territorial conflict, to prevent war, to end war, to prevent the rise of terrorist groups, to end human rights violations, to restore democracy, and other objectives. Depending on how successful they are in achieving their objectives, the GSDB classifies sanctions in several categories, ranging from complete failure to complete success. Finally, the GSDB distinguishes between six types of sanctions that are affect: trade, financial activity, arms, military assistance, travel, and other sanctions. Specific attention in the GSDB is paid to trade sanctions, which are classified depending on their coverage/stringency as partial vs. complete, and depending on the direction of trade flows as export sanctions vs. import sanctions vs. bilateral sanctions. The GSDB has its own web site, where you can request the database. For details on the evolution of the GSDB and its uses, I refer the interested readers to "The Global Sanctions Data Base – Release 4: The Heterogeneous Effects of the Sanctions on Russia", and the following papers:

"The Global Sanctions Data Base",
with Gabriel Felbermayr, Aleksandra Kirilakha, Constantinos Syropoulos, and Erdal Yalcin,
European Economic Review, Vol. 129, 2020.

"The Global Sanctions Data Base: An Update to Include the Years of the Trump Presidency",
with Aleksandra Kirilakha, Gabriel Felbermayr, Constantinos Syropoulos, and Erdal Yalcin,
Research Handbook on Economic Sanctions, edited by Peter A.G. van Bergeijk, 2022.

"The global sanctions data base–Release 3: COVID‐19, Russia, and multilateral sanctions",
with Aleksandra Kirilakha, Gabriel Felbermayr, Constantinos Syropoulos, and Erdal Yalcin,
Review of International Economics, vol. 32(1), pages 12-48, 2024.

"The Global Sanctions Data Base – Release 4: The Heterogeneous Effects of the Sanctions on Russia",
with Gabriel Felbermayr, Heider Kariem, Aleksandra Kirilakha, Ohyun Kwon, Constantinos Syropoulos, and Erdal Yalcin
The World Economy, 2025.

"On the Heterogeneous Effects of Sanctions on Trade and Welfare: Evidence from the Sanctions on Iran and a New Database",
with Gabriel Felbermayr, Constantinos Syropoulos, and Erdal Yalcin,
Canadian Journal of Economics, 2025.

The Domestic and International Common Language (DICL) database

The DICL database contains index measures of linguistic similarity both domestically and internationally. The data cover 242 countries and territories and are based on information about the speakers of 6,674 languages. Using data from Ethnologue, the DICL database provides 11 bilateral measures reflecting different dimensions of linguistic connections within and between countries, including common official languages, common native and acquired languages, and linguistic proximity across different languages. A key novelty of the dataset is that it includes consistently defined information on linguistic relationships not only between different countries but within the administrative borders of countries as well. The DICL database has many uses, such as in models of bilateral flows, including FDI, migration, and international trade—as well as in regional or country-level analyses. The DICL database has its own web site, and I refer the interested readers to the following papers that describe and test the data:

"One Nation, One Language? Domestic Language Diversity, Trade and Welfare",
with T. Gurevich, P. R. Herman, and F. Toubal,
Economic Inquiry, 2025.

"Domestic and International Common Language (DICL) Database: Technical Note",
with T. Gurevich, P. R. Herman, and F. Toubal,
Nature: Scientific Data, Revise and resubmit.

The International Patent and Citations across Sectors (INPACT-S)

The International Patent and Citations across Sectors (INPACT-S) database tracks cross-border and domestic patent flows across industries over four decades. Specifically, the INPACT-S covers 91 patent authorities, 213 countries of origin, 40 years (1980-2019), and 31 ISIC Rev 3 2-digit codes. INPACT-S is more comprehensive than other publicly available datasets along five key dimensions:(i) It encompasses a wider array of patent authorities, offering a full view of global patent activity; (ii) It provides industry-specific bilateral data, allowing to perform sectoral analysis; (iii) It captures a greater number of patent applications through imputation methods; (iv) It includes comprehensive data on cross-country and cross-sector citation data; and (v) It includes consistently constructed data on cross-border and domestic patents. The INPACT-S dataset is free, and it can be requested here. The following paper describes the data and its construction, and provides an economic application:

"Cross-border Patenting, Globalization, and Development",
with Jesse LaBelle, Inmaculada Martinez-Zarzoso, and Ana Maria Santacreu,
School of Economics Working Paper Series 2023-7, Drexel University, 2023.

The Granular Trade and Production Activities (GRANTPA)

The Granular Trade and Production Activities (GRANTPA) database covers international and domestic trade flows for 3,124 products and 247 countries over the period 1995-2019 for a subset of 35 European economies. The original data sources that we employ are Eurostat's Comext and Prodcom databases. The GRANTPA is the first dataset that offers consitently constructed international and domestic trade at such detailed level of disaggregation. The data are tested with a gravity application, which delivers a large set of product-level “home bias” estimates, which cannot be obtained without domestic trade flows. The average estimates on the standard gravity variables in our model (e.g., distance) are comparable to those from the related literature. However, our disaggregated estimates are very heterogeneous across products, thus highlighting the importance of our new database. To access the data, please e-mail us at grantpadatabase@gmail.com, and I refer the interested readers to the following paper, which describes the data and its construction, and provides an economic application:

"The Granular Trade and Production Activities (GRANTPA) Database",
with Sebastien Bradley, Javier Flórez, and Mario Larch,
School of Economics Working Paper Series 2024-1, Drexel University, 2023.

The International Trade and Production Database for Simulation (ITPD-S)

The International Trade and Production Database for Simulation (ITPD-S) contains consistent data on international and domestic trade at the industry level covering agriculture, mining, energy, manufacturing, and services. The ITPD-S covers 170 industries in all broad sectors of the economy in 265 countries for the years 1986-2019. It contains 292,408,351 observations, most of which are from administrative data sources while others are estimated using a variety of methods, which are described in the technical documentation. The ITPD-S has two key advantages. First, it is perfectly balanced, so that it is appropriate for counterfactual analysis. Second, the ITPD-S has a counterpart, the ITPD-E, which has the same dimensions and is appropriate for estimations. Thus, in combination, the ITPD-E and the ITPD-S offer a unique opportunity to perform estimations and simulations with consistently constructed data. The ITPD-S has its own web site, and I refer the reader to the following paper for a description of the data, its construction, and an application.

"Globalization, Trade, and Inequality: Evidence from a New Database",
with with Ingo Borchert, Mario Larch, and Serge Shikher,
School of Economics Working Paper Series 2024-6, Drexel University, 2023.